A business plan is a written summary of your business idea including the product, people, equipment, financing, competition, sales and marketing, cash flow and operations that are required. You will want to prepare a business plan not only for your new venture but also for new products or business models. If you need financing for your venture you will need a Business Plan to present the plan to venture capitalist, investors or your bank. Even if you are self financing the venture you should prepare a business plan as if you were going to present it to your bank. There is no one easier to lie to than yourself and no one easier to fool.
There is no magic formula for a Business Plan although I always found when presenting a plan to a bank the heavier and longer it was the easier it was to get the banks approval. You plan should at a minimum include the following.
A detailed description of the product or line of products or services including target consumer and features and benefits of the product. A statement of qualifications and experience of the person or persons who will lead and manage the venture. A detailed plan of where and how the product will be manufactured or purchased. If it requires manufacturing where will you get the equipment, factory space, raw materials and skilled labor? If you are purchasing the product what are your supply lines? Do you have a purchasing agreement in place? How reliable is the source? Can you get alternate sources if necessary? A marketing plan that details you unique selling propositions, market area, method of reaching your customer such as advertising or online marketing. How will you attract the right sales people? If you are planning on using a marketing firm provide details. If you are out sourcing sales such as to a real estate agent if you are building homes include information on the individual or firm you intend to use. If they provide a marketing plan include that in your business plan. A cash flow plan detailing required cash resources and how long the cash will be required before the venture becomes cash positive. A statement of required resources not listed above such as licenses, permits, insurance, testing and research, office space and associated equipment and furniture. An organizational chart showing a plan for operating the business at inception and as it grows. A list of your key advisors; accountant, attorney, insurance professional Include a break even and profit analysis. How many units or dollars do you need to sell to break even and how many do you need to sell to provide a return to your investors? A bank will want to make sure they are going to get repaid. Investors will expect a return which well exceeds return they could get from safer investments such as saving accounts, money markets or bonds.
Even if you do not need to reach out to investors and a bank and are going to be self financed prepare a business plan and present it to a bank or group of investors who do not have fallen in love with the idea like you have. If you cannot convince them to provide funding then you likely need to reexamine the plan.
Friends and relatives are not a good audience as they will either be too easily swayed by your enthusiasm or afraid to tell you what they really think. I once had a relative who I looked up to all my life. He was buying a franchise when he retired and he showed me the business plan. When I looked at the return on investment and the work required to produce that income I thought “this plan will never work.” Because I had looked up to him so long I kept my opinion to myself. He spent almost ten years working too many hours trying to keep from losing his retirement savings. In the end only the long hours and a lot of resourcefulness helped him recoup his original investment.
Original Content copyright 2010 Thomas Robinson
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Business Plan
The Business Plan – Describing Your Business Opportunity
The first real stage of writing your business plan concerns describing and articulating your business and what it hopes to achieve. This stage requires you to explain, as clearly as possible, what your business does.
It serves the purpose of outlining your personal vision for your business. So you will not only be explaining what it does, but also what you do and what your business is going to offer to the market.
Your first step is to put together an overview of your business. Firstly, you must be able to state when you started trading or are planning to begin trading. You also have to make sure that you include details of the progress you have made to date.
Then explain the kind of business you are running or are intending to run. This section must be as clear as possible so that your readers – whether they are potential investors or future employees or partners – can understand exactly what it is you do. If you can clarify what sector it is in – e.g. retail, manufacturing etc. – then this will make the picture clearer for the reader too.
Your next job is to outline any history that is important to the business you propose to run. For example, if you bought the business off someone else, it will obviously be important that the business plan shows some details of this transaction, as well as information on the seller of the business.
You must then outline the current legal structure of the business. This means ownership, the structure of the company as it stands in law, and so on.
Finish up the overview by articulating your vision for the future. This means thinking about the plans you have for the business as regards growth. It also means creating a picture of what your company will look like in the future.
After the overview, you then have to describe your product or service in detail. To get this section right, you must explain what makes it different to other products and services in the same sector, as well as the benefits it offers to the customer. To interest investors – or just to keep you on the right path as developments occur – you then have to outline what developments you are going to bring to your product or service. If you are going to run a cafe for example, you may plan to add another story in the future, to add value.
If you hold any patents or design rights, now is the time to declare them. And to finish up, describe the key features of your industry, in such a way that your product or service has a recognisable role in it.
At all times, make sure that you don’t throw in too much jargon, or industry specific terminology. If you are going to use the business plan as a means of acquiring investment, the last thing an investor wants is vocabulary they cannot understand.
So that is a detailed outline of the section of your business plan where you describe your business opportunity. This is often the most difficult section to complete. Be confident, follow the steps above and you will then be on your way towards completing your plan.
What Is A Business Plan? And Why Do I Need One
For many entrepreneurs the creation of a business plan is the biggest hurdle in the development process of their fledgling enterprise. There is a mystery, almost a dread in many people when discussion of a business plan requirement is first broached. They conceptualize a boring, dry, painful experience and many would like to avoid this step if at all possible.
What is a Business Plan?
A business plan is a document that qualifies, quantifies and narrates a commercial opportunity. It is that simple to state, more difficult to execute, but anyone can customize a business plan that gets results. The plan must have an exciting Executive Summary. Like the opening scenes of a movie, or the first chapter of a book, the writer must set a hook.
Typically, active investors, angels, venture capital groups and investment bankers are deluged with business plans. Screeners typically read the document before passing along to decision-makers within the firm. However, very few move along the decision making food chain precisely because the Executive Summary lacks excitement, punch or sets a high level of anticipation about what is inside the document.
Having written dozens of business plans for clients I can attest that creating a plan that works is, well, work. No two plans are alike. The plan must be customized, well researched, structured and direct. I receive more than 500 business plan submissions annually in my consulting firm. Less than 1% have commercial potential as written. Many describe products, services, retail or new business development ideas that otherwise might be exciting. However, the plan does not convey that potential.
One of the worst things to evolve from the arrival of the inter-net is the ability to download a business plan template and write the document by filling in the blanks. The template itself is not problematic, I use a self-developed template when I customize plans. The problem is that many entrepreneurs do not have the writing skills, the research in hand, know the keys that turn on investors and thus, take shortcuts. Filling in the blanks without sweating the details and doing comprehensive research results in a document that will not be read and an opportunity that will never launch.
Rule number one in the development of any commercial opportunity: shortcuts equal failure!
I am a self-taught business plan writer. If I can do it, anyone can. In reality, however, most people just want to expose their opportunity to investors, licensees or potential partners. They don’t have writing skills, do not know the types of research necessary to support the plans sales model, need help in creating the marketing strategy, and will never be able to narrate financials.
Where can they go to create and exciting business plan document.
The following are resources readily available in most communities. Many are free.
Many colleges, community colleges and universities have developed small business incubators. They attract additional state funding, as small business growth and development are keys to job creation and an increased tax base. Take advantage of this community asset. Students, graduate students and professors are often available to direct your efforts. Ten years ago there were only a handful such programs. Today, over 1000 schools have some version of an entrepreneurial program.
Many states, regional and local governments offer business development programs. They have retired business people and mentors on hand to support, guide and train prospective entrepreneurs and guide business plan creation. There is no charge for utilizing this service, after all, your tax dollar supports these programs.
SCORE, the Service Core of Retired Executives is a Federal Government sponsored initiative. Thousands of retired, experienced business people make themselves available to evaluate commercial opportunities and direct the development and launch of those deemed to have potential. They are often intimately involved in creating business plans.
The Ewing Kauffman Foundation in Kansas City, MO is devoted solely to the development of entrepreneurial development. Mr. Kauffman started, nurtured and developed Marion Labs from a tiny drug local company into a multinational, multi-billion dollar powerhouse. He also owned the Kansas City Royals baseball team. His devotion to developing and promoting the entrepreneurial base of the United States resulted in creation of the foundation that bears his name.
Seek out a consultant. Typically consultants charge a fee, just like lawyers, accountants or plumbers. The advantage of an experienced consultant is that they write business plans for a living, will be strong writers, able to properly direct or perform research, narrate financials and differentiate a commercial opportunity by creating an exciting word picture. Always seek references and talk to several before deciding on a consultant.
Why Do I Need a Business Plan?
You might not. You might not need a deeply customized business plan if you are seeking to license or sell an invention, a patent or a prototype product. In this situation, the potential licensee would take your work product and develop a plan that fits their internal organizational needs.
However, if you are attempting to fund a start-up business, self-market a product or buy a small business you will absolutely need to create a road map. That road map is your business plan. The map is not linear, there will be curves and setbacks, but by quantifying, qualifying and narrating a well- researched, customized business plan you are much closer to success.